Longman Preparation Course
for the TOEFL® Test: The Paper Test

Introduction

Section One: Listening Comprehension

DIAGNOSTIC PRE-TEST
LISTENING COMPREHENSION

The Listening Part A Questions

Strategies
Skill 1: Focus on the second line
Skill 2: Choose answers with synonyms
Skill 3: Avoid similar sounds
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 1–3)

Who, What, Where
Skill 4: Draw conclusions about who, what, where
Skill 5: Listen for who and what in passives
Skill 6: Listen for who and what with multiple nouns
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 4–6)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–6)

Negatives
Skill 7: Listen for negative expressions
Skill 8: Listen for double negative expressions
Skill 9: Listen for "almost negative" expressions
SKILL 10: Listen for negatives with comparatives
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 7–10)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–10)

Functions
Skill 11: Listen for expressions of agreement
Skill 12: Listen for expressions of uncertainty and suggestion
Skill 13: Listen for emphatic expressions of surprise
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 11–13)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–13)

Contrary Meanings
Skill 14: Listen for wishes
Skill 15: Listen for untrue conditions
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 14–15)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–15)

Idiomatic Language
Skill 16: Listen for two- and three-part verbs
Skill 17: Listen for idioms
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 16–17)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–17)

The Listening Part B Questions

Before Listening
Skill 18: Anticipate the topics
Skill 19: Anticipate the questions

While Listening
Skill 20: Determine the topic
Skill 21: Draw conclusions about who, what, when, where
Skill 22: Listen for answers in order
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 18–22)

The Listening Part C Questions

Before Listening
Skill 23: Anticipate the topics
Skill 24: Anticipate the questions

While Listening
Skill 25: Determine the topic
Skill 26: Draw conclusions about who, what, when, where
Skill 27: Listen for answers in order
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 23–27)

TOEFL POST-TEST

Section Two: Structure and Written Expression

DIAGNOSTIC PRE-TEST
STRUCTURE AND WRITTEN EXPRESSION

The Structure Questions

Sentences with One Clause
Skill 1: Be sure the sentence has a subject and a verb
Skill 2: Be careful of objects of prepositions
Skill 3: Be careful of appositives
Skill 4: Be careful of present participles
Skill 5: Be careful of past participles
EXERCISE (Skills 1–5)
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 1–5)

Sentences with Multiple Clauses
Skill 6: Use coordinate connectors correctly
Skill 7: Use adverb time and cause connectors correctly
Skill 8: Use other adverb connectors correctly
EXERCISE (Skills 6–8)
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 6–8)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–8)

More Sentences with Multiple Clauses
Skill 9: Use noun clause connectors correctly
Skill 10: Use noun clause connector/subjects correctly
Skill 11: Use adjective clause connectors correctly
Skill 12: Use adjective clause connector/subjects correctly
EXERCISE (Skills 9–12)
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 9–12)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–12)

Sentences with Reduced Clauses
Skill 13: Use reduced adjective clauses correctly
Skill 14: Use reduced adverb clauses correctly
EXERCISE (Skills 13–14)
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 13–14)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–14)

Sentences with Inverted Subjects and Verbs
Skill 15: Invert the subject and verb with question words
Skill 16: Invert the subject and verb with place expressions
Skill 17: Invert the subject and verb with negatives
Skill 18: Invert the subject and verb with conditionals
Skill 19: Invert the subject and verb with comparisons
EXERCISE (Skills 15–19)
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 15–19)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–19)

The Written Expression Questions

Problems with Subject/Verb Agreement
Skill 20: Make verbs agree after prepositional phrases
Skill 21: Make verbs agree after expressions of quantity
Skill 22: Make inverted verbs agree
Skill 23: Make verbs agree after certain words
EXERCISE (Skills 20–23)
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 20–23)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–23)

Problems with Parallel Structure
Skill 24: Use parallel structure with coordinate conjunctions
Skill 25: Use parallel structure with paired conjunctions
Skill 26: Use parallel structure with comparisons
EXERCISE (Skills 24–26)
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 24–26)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–26)

Problems with Comparatives and Superlatives
Skill 27: Form comparatives and superlatives correctly
Skill 28: Use comparatives and superlatives correctly
Skill 29: Use the irregular -er, -er structure correctly
EXERCISE (Skills 27–29)
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 27–29)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–29)

Problems with the Form of the Verb
Skill 30: After have, use the past participle
Skill 31: After be, use the present participle or the past participle
Skill 32: After will, would, or other modals, use the base form of the verb
EXERCISE (Skills 30–32)
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 30–32)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–32)

Problems with the Use of the Verb
Skill 33: Know when to use the past with the present
Skill 34: Use have and had correctly
Skill 35: Use the correct tense with time expressions
Skill 36: Use the correct tense with will and would
EXERCISE (Skills 33–36)
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 33–36)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–36)

Problems with Passive Verbs
Skill 37: Use the correct form of the passive
Skill 38: Recognize active and passive meanings
EXERCISE (Skills 37–38)
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 37–38)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–38)

Problems with Nouns
Skill 39: Use the correct singular or plural noun
Skill 40: Distinguish countable and uncountable nouns
Skill 41: Recognize irregular plurals of nouns
Skill 42: Distinguish the person from the thing
EXERCISE (Skills 39–42)
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 39–42)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–42)

Problems with Pronouns
Skill 43: Distinguish subject and object pronouns
Skill 44: Distinguish possessive adjectives and pronouns
Skill 45: Check pronoun reference for agreement
EXERCISE (Skills 43–45)
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 43–45)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–45)

Problems with Adjectives and Adverbs
Skill 46: Use basic adjectives and adverbs correctly
Skill 47: Use adjectives after linking verbs
Skill 48: Position adjectives and adverbs correctly
EXERCISE (Skills 46–48)
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 46–48)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–48)

More Problems with Adjectives
Skill 49: Recognize -ly adjectives
Skill 50: Use predicate adjectives correctly
Skill 51: Use -ed and -ing adjectives correctly
EXERCISE (Skills 49–51)
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 49–51)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–51)

Problems with Articles
Skill 52: Use articles with singular nouns
Skill 53: Distinguish a and an
Skill 54: Make articles agree with nouns
Skill 55: Distinguish specific and general ideas
EXERCISE (Skills 52–55)
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 52–55)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–55)

Problems with Prepositions
Skill 56: Recognize incorrect prepositions
Skill 57: Recognize when prepositions have been omitted
EXERCISE (Skills 56–57)
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 56–57)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–57)

Problems with Usage
Skill 58: Distinguish make and do
Skill 59: Distinguish like, alike, unlike and dislike
Skill 60: Distinguish other, another, and others
EXERCISE (Skills 58–60)
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 58–60)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–60)

TOEFL POST-TEST

Section Three: Reading Comprehension

DIAGNOSTIC PRE-TEST
READING COMPREHENSION

The Reading Comprehension Questions

Questions about the Ideas of the Passage
Skill 1: Answer main idea questions correctly
Skill 2: Recognize the organization of ideas
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 1–2)

Directly Answered Questions
Skill 3: Answer stated detail questions correctly
Skill 4: Find "unstated" details
Skill 5: Find pronoun referents
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 3–5)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–5)

Indirectly Answered Questions
Skill 6: Answer implied detail questions correctly
Skill 7: Answer transition questions correctly
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 6–7)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–7)

Vocabulary Questions
Skill 8: Find definitions from structural clues
Skill 9: Determine meanings from word parts
Skill 10: Use context to determine meanings of difficult words
Skill 11: Use context to determine meanings of simple words
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 8–11)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–11)

Overall Review Questions
Skill 12: Determine where specific information is found
Skill 13: Determine the tone, purpose, or course
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 12–13)
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1–13)

TOEFL POST-TEST
  
Section Four: Test of Written English (TWE)

The Score
Sample Essays

Before Writing
Skill 1: Decode the topic
Skill 2: Develop supporting ideas

While Writing
Skill 3: Write the introductory paragraph
Skill 4: Write unified supporting paragraphs
Skill 5: Write the concluding paragraph
Skill 6: Connect the supporting paragraphs in the essay

After Writing
Skill 7: Edit sentence structure
    7A Simple sentence structure
    7B Compound sentence structure
    7C Complex sentence structure
Skill 8: Edit written expression
    8A Inversions and agreement
    8B Parallel, comparative, and superlative structures
    8C Verbs
    8D Nouns and pronouns
    8E Adjectives and adverbs
    8F Prepositions and usage
 
Practice Tests

Complete Tests
Complete Test One
Complete Test Two
Complete Test Three
Complete Test Four

Complete Test Five

Appendixes

Scores and Charts
Scoring Information
Diagnostic Charts
Progress Chart
TOEFL Answer Sheets